Skip to content

News and guides

Plain-language guides to online privacy and VPN technology, plus updates from VPNRice.

Linux IPVLAN vs MACVLAN: High-Throughput Isolation for VPN Gateways

Compare Linux IPVLAN, MACVLAN, and VETH architecture for containerized VPN gateways, analyzing L2 and L3 modes to eliminate bridge overhead and MAC exhaustion under heavy loads.

November 15, 2026 · 6 min read

Performance
Linux XPS: Eliminating Tx Queue Lock Contention on VPN Gateways
November 15, 2026 · 6 min read
Performance
Linux TCP Fast Open: Eliminating Handshake Latency in VPN Gateways
November 15, 2026 · 7 min read
Performance
Linux IP Early Demux: Optimizing Routing Cache and Forwarding in VPN Gateways
November 15, 2026 · 5 min read
Performance
Linux Threaded NAPI: Eliminating Softirq Starvation in VPN Gateways
November 14, 2026 · 5 min read
Performance
Linux eBPF XDP: Line-Rate VPN Encapsulation via bpf_xdp_adjust_head
November 14, 2026 · 6 min read
Performance
Linux IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT: Eliminating Port Exhaustion in VPN Gateways
November 14, 2026 · 5 min read
Security
Linux Conntrack Helpers: Defending VPNs Against NAT Slipstreaming
November 14, 2026 · 7 min read
Performance
Linux eBPF sock_ops: Dynamic TCP Stack Tuning for VPN Gateways
November 14, 2026 · 5 min read
Performance
Linux eBPF Connect-Time Redirection: Zero-Overhead Split Tunneling for VPNs
November 14, 2026 · 6 min read